Simulating the mechanical properties of packages
One of the essential functions of a package is to protect the packed product against mechanical damage. Therefore, it is very important for a designer to obtain reliable information about the mechanical properties of a package in an early state of its development.
The mechanical behaviour of a package depends strongly on the circumstances which it encounters in the distribution chain, like static and dynamic loads (stacking pressure, shocks, vibrations, etc.). Furthermore, the surrounding climate, such as the temperature and the relative humidity, plays an important role. A paperboard box loses, for example, its strength partially under humid conditions.
Using advanced software methods, we are able to simulate the mechanical behaviour of packages. We use the Finite Element Method for these kinds of simulations. This method enables us to study the mechanical behaviour of packages with a complex geometry under realistic circumstances in the distribution chain. Hence, it is possible to simulate static and dynamic processes in order to simulate the performance of the package during transport.
The main advantages of simulating the mechanical behaviour of packages are:
- decreased development costs, since less experiments are necessary in the development phase;
- a faster development phase, since more information on the mechanical properties of a package is obtained in an early stage of its design;
- the possibility of testing packages made of new packaging materials, even if these materials have to be developed;
- the possibility of taking into account the circumstances in the distribution chain in an early stage of the design process;
- being able to study local phenomena (like local stresses and displacements), that are difficult to measure or cannot be determined experimentally.
Schematic model of corrugated board
